Critical Elements of Extended Laying Cycles

Francis Simard, agr., M.Sc. – Nutrition and Development Manager, Monogastrics, Eastern Canada 

Catherine Couture, agr., M.Sc. – Poultry Nutritionist, Trouw Nutrition Canada East 

Around the world, egg producers are moving toward extended laying cycles. In Canada, we are seeing cycles last 80–85 weeks, while in Europe they can reach 100 weeks of production. This shift in cycle length offers opportunities, but not without challenges, particularly if we want hens to keep producing high-quality eggs to meet market needs while maintaining profitability. 

The foundation for a successful extended cycle is set long before the hens start laying. The pullet rearing stage is critical because it determines how well a bird will perform later in life. 

• Pullet growth: The development of a hen’s organs, bones, muscles, and reproductive system occurs at specific times during growth. To optimize the growth of each component, it is important to hit target weights. Reaching target weight at 5 weeks is particularly vital for reaching long-term performance potential. 

• Weight & uniformity: Regularly check weights and compare them to breed targets. A uniform flock responds better to light stimulation, resulting in a more synchronized start to lay and higher production rates. 

• Feeding program: There are four important development phases from 0–16 weeks:

Using the right feeds at the right times ensures that each stage is completed successfully and that the potential of the hens is maximized  

Once hens start laying, several other factors are important for maintaining productivity and shell quality: 

• Controlling egg size: A hen adds 2–2.5 g of calcium per egg, no matter the size of the egg. Oversized eggs can have weaker shells. 

• Managing hen weight: Maintaining a healthy body weight helps support nutrient reserves, egg size, and liver health. The liver plays a major role in calcium use and nutrient transfer to the egg. 
• Adjusting feeding as needs change: Feed programs are often split into three production stages:

This ensures hens get the nutrients they need at each stage, particularly calcium, which is important for eggshell formation.  

Extended laying cycles can boost efficiency and profitability, but success depends on strong pullet development and the careful management of egg size, body weight, and nutrition throughout the cycle.